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Docente
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PO AGNESE
(programma)
The topics will be:
1) Getting started and general aspects of molecular and cellular pathology.
Concept and causes of alteration in the cell, cellular and tissue homeostasis, Cellular damage: causes, molecular mechanisms, responses and adaptations, Cell death and its manifestations: necrosis and apoptosis
2) Next generation Sequencing (NGS): introduction to NGS tecniques. Illumina platform, Ion Torrent. Applications: Genome Sequencing, Whole exome sequencing, Targeted sequencing, NGS-based comprehensive genomics: DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility and modifications.
Analysis of NGS derived data: bioinformatics analysis, analysis of the transcriptome and of the mirnome. Examples of the use of NGS for biomedical research. Data mining on available databases.
3) Molecular and cellular pathology of cancer: Definition and classification of tumors, Stages of tumor progression: initiation, promotion, progression, invasiveness and metastasis, Dominant and recessive mutations: oncogenes and tumor suppressor, molecular basis of neoplastic transformation, invasiveness, metastasization, Identification of tumor markers. Significance of tumor markers in the prevention and staging/classification of tumors
4) Chronic degenerative diseases: diabetes mellitus, metabolic diseases
5) Pathogenetic mechanisms of non-coding RNAs: microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs.
microRNA: biogenesis, deregulation mechanisms in pathologies, circulating microRNAs; long non-coding RNA: biogenesis, mechanisms of action, examples of long non-coding deregulated in pathologies. Circular RNAs.
6) Stem cells: embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells. Therapeutic applications of stem cells. Cancer stem cells: biological features and epigenetic regulation.
7) Circulating nucleic acids as markers for diseases. The discovery, challenges an approaches for the identification and evaluation of circulating RNAs and DNAs.
 notes and scientific papers given by the teacher
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