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Docente
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SABATINI SABRINA
(programma)
The polimorphic DNA – Chemical components of DNA: bases, sugars and phosphodiesteric backbone. DNA B basic structure . Alternative DNA conformations, DNA topology, winding and unwinding; linking number; DNA topoisomerases . The Genetic Code - the code decrypting; the structure and function of the code . DNA replication: machinery and mechanisms in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.. DNA transcription: transcription in bacteria; transcriptional machinery and RNA polymerase positioning signals Transcription regulation in prokaryotic systems: activation and repressions; operon structures and function. Transcription in eukaryotic systems ; transcriptional machinery and RNA polymerase positioning signals. Transcription factors and transcription regulation in eukaryotes. DNA protein interaction. The RNA molecule (chemical and structural features; structure and function of tRNA, rRNA, pre- and mRNA, snRNA e snoRNA ; mRNA capping and polyadenilation and their regulative role. Chromatin basic structure in eukaryotes. The structure of nucleosomes and further organization levels. Histone modifications and their regulatory effects. Chromatin structure and chromatin remodelling at promoters.
RNA Splicing: role of small nuclear RNAs; RNA/RNA interactions and structural modifications in active splicesosome formation; protein/protein interactions and the role of SR proteins; alternative splicing regulation, self-splicing; mRNA transport; ribozymes;synthesis and regulative role of miRNA.
Protein biosyntesis: general principles; structure and functions of the ribosome; comparison between procariotic and eukaryotic protein biosynthetic systems; translation initiation, elongation and termination.
Molecular Biology Techniques : Nucleic acids purification, quantization,; PCR, RT-PCR, Southern and Northern blot; basic cloning techniques. The multiple uses of reporter genes; techniques for analysing protein localization in the genome.
 Biologia molecolare del gene J. Watson
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